Nzira yeKutonga sei Hunhu hweThermistor? Maitiro ekusarudza iyo Thermistor Yakakodzera kune Zvaunoda?

Kutonga mashandiro eiyo thermistor uye kusarudza chigadzirwa chakakodzera kunoda kutarisisa kwakadzama kweese ari maviri ehunyanzvi paramita uye mamiriro ekushandisa. Heino gwara rakadzama:

I. Nzira yeKutonga Hunhu hweThermistor?

Makiyi ekuita ma parameter ndiwo musimboti wekuongorora:

1. Nominal Resistance Value (R25):

• Tsanangudzo:Iko kukosha kwekupokana pane yakatarwa tembiricha (kazhinji 25 ° C).
• Hunhu Kutonga:Ukoshi hwezita pachahwo hauna kunaka kana kuipa; kiyi ndeyekuti inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira zvedunhu rekushandisa (semuenzaniso, voltage divider, kudzikamisa ikozvino). Consistency (kupararira kwemaitiro ekupikisa mukati mebatch imwechete) chiratidzo chakakosha chemhando yekugadzira - kupararira kudiki kuri nani.
• Cherechedza:NTC nePTC dzine misimboti yakasiyana-siyana yekupikisa pa25°C (NTC: ohms kusvika megohms, PTC: kazhinji ohms kusvika kumazana ohms).

2. B Kukosha (Beta Value):

• Tsanangudzo:Chimiro chinotsanangura kunzwisiswa kwekuchinja kwekudzivirira kwe thermistor pamwe nekushisa. Kazhinji inoreva kukosha kweB pakati pematembiricha maviri chaiwo (semuenzaniso, B25/50, B25/85).
• Kuverengera Formula: B = (T1 * T2) / (T2 - T1) * ln(R1/R2)
• Hunhu Kutonga:
  • NTC:Huwandu hweB hwepamusoro hunoratidza kunzwisiswa kwetembiricha yakakura uye kukwirisa kuramba kushanduka netembiricha. High B tsika dzinopa yakakwirira resolution mukuyerwa kwetembiricha asi yakaipisisa mutsara pamusoro pehupamhi hwetembiricha renji. Consistency (B kukosha kupararira mukati mebatch) yakakosha.
  • PTC:Iko B kukosha (kunyangwe tembiricha coefficient α ichinyanya kuwanda) inotsanangura mwero wekupokana kuwedzera pazasi peCurie point. Pakuchinja maapplication, kukwira kweanopokana kusvetuka padyo neCurie point (α kukosha) ndiyo kiyi.
  • Cherechedza:Vagadziri vakasiyana vanogona kutsanangura maitiro eB vachishandisa akasiyana tembiricha mapeya (T1/T2); iva nechokwadi chekuenderana kana uchienzanisa.

3. Kururama (Kushivirira):

• Tsanangudzo:Kutsauka kunobvumirwa pakati pehukoshi chaihwo uye kukosha kwezita. Kazhinji inorongwa se:
  • Resistance Value Accuracy:Kutsauka kunobvumirwa kwekupokana chaiko kubva kuzita rekudzivirira pa25 ° C (semuenzaniso, ± 1%, ± 3%, ± 5%).
  • B Kukosha Kwechokwadi:Kutsauka kunobvumidzwa kweukoshi hweB chaihwo kubva pamutengo wezita B (semuenzaniso, ± 0.5%, ± 1%, ± 2%).
  • Hunhu Kutonga:Kururama kwepamusoro kunoratidza kushanda kuri nani, kazhinji pamutengo wakakwirira. Kushandiswa kwepamusoro-soro (semuenzaniso, kuyera tembiricha chaiyo, maseketi emuripo) zvinoda zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro (semuenzaniso, ± 1% R25, ± 0.5% B kukosha). Zvigadzirwa zvakaderera zvinogona kushandiswa mune zvisinganyanyi kudikanwa maapplication (semuenzaniso, overcurrent kudzivirira, rough tembiricha chiratidzo).

4. Temperature Coefficient (α):

• Tsanangudzo:Chiyero chekuramba chinoshanduka netembiricha (kazhinji pedyo nereferensi ye25°C). KuNTC, α = - (B / T²) (%/°C); yePTC, pane diki yakanaka α pazasi peCurie point, iyo inowedzera zvinoshamisa pedyo nayo.
• Hunhu Kutonga:A high |α| kukosha (negative for NTC, positive for PTC padhuze ne switch point) ibhenefiti mumaapplication anoda kukurumidza kupindura kana kunzwa kwakanyanya. Nekudaro, izvi zvinoreva zvakare yakamanikana inoshanda yekushanda siyana uye yakaipisisa mutsara.

5. Thermal Time Constant (τ):

• Tsanangudzo:Pasi pemazero-simba mamiriro, nguva inodiwa kuti tembiricha ye thermistor ichinje ne 63.2% yemusiyano wese kana tembiricha yakadzika ikachinja nhanho.
• Hunhu Kutonga:Nguva diki yekugara inoreva kukurumidza kupindura kune ambient tembiricha shanduko. Izvi zvakakosha kune maapplication anoda kukurumidza kuyerwa tembiricha kana kuita (semuenzaniso, kudzivirira kupisa kwepamusoro, kuona kuyerera kwemhepo). Iyo nguva yekugara inopesvedzerwa nehukuru hwepakeji, huwandu hwekupisa kwezvinhu, uye kupisa kwemafuta. Madiki, asina kuvharwa bead NTCs anopindura nekukurumidza.

6. Kuramba Kuripo (δ):

• Tsanangudzo:Simba rinodiwa kusimudza tembiricha ye thermistor ne 1°C pamusoro petembiricha ye ambient nekuda kwekuparara kwayo kwesimba (unit: mW/°C).
• Hunhu Kutonga:Kudziisa kwepamusoro kunoreva kushomeka kwekuzvipisa (kureva, kukwira kudiki tembiricha kune imwechete yazvino). Izvi zvakakosha pachiyero chetembiricha chaidzo, sezvo kudziyisa kudziyisa kunoreva kukanganisa kudiki kwekuyera. Thermistors ane yakaderera dissipation constants (diki saizi, thermally insulated pasuru) anowanzoita akakosha kuzvipisa zvikanganiso kubva kuyerwa ikozvino.

7. Maximum Power Rating (Pmax):

• Tsanangudzo:Iyo yakanyanya simba iyo iyo thermistor inogona kushanda yakadzikama kwenguva yakareba pane yakatarwa ambient tembiricha pasina kukuvara kana zvachose parameter kukukurwa.
• Hunhu Kutonga:Inofanirwa kusangana nepamusoro pesimba rekubvisa simba rekushandisa rine muganho wakakwana (kazhinji wakaderedzwa). Resistors ane simba repamusoro rekubata masimba anovimbika zvakanyanya.

8. Kushanda Temperature Range:

• Tsanangudzo:Iyo ambient tembiricha kupindirana mukati umo iyo thermistor inogona kushanda zvakajairika nepo paramita ichigara mukati meyakatarwa miganho yechokwadi.
• Hunhu Kutonga:A wider range inoreva kushandiswa kukuru. Ita shuwa kuti tembiricha yepamusoro uye yakaderera mukushandisa inowira mukati meiyi chiyero.

9. Kugadzikana uye Kuvimbika:

• Tsanangudzo:Iko kugona kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwekupokana uye B kukosha panguva yekushandiswa kwenguva refu kana mushure mekusangana nekushisa bhasikoro uye yakakwirira / yakaderera-yekushisa chengetedzo.
• Hunhu Kutonga:Kugadzikana kwepamusoro kwakakosha kune maapplications chaiwo. Girazi-rakavharirwa kana kunyatsorapwa maNTCs anowanzo kuve nekugadzikana kwenguva refu kupfuura epoxy-yakafukidzwa. Iyo switching endurance (nhamba yekuchinja kutenderera iyo inogona kumira pasina kukundikana) chinhu chakakosha chekuvimbika chiratidzo chePTCs.

II. Maitiro ekusarudza iyo Thermistor Yakakodzera kune Zvaunoda?

Maitiro ekusarudza anosanganisira kuenzanisa maparamita ekuita kune zvinodiwa zvekushandisa:

1. Ziva Rudzi rweKunyorera:Iyi ndiyo nheyo.

• Kuyerwa kweTembiricha: NTCinosarudzwa. Tarisa pakurongeka (R uye B kukosha), kugadzikana, kushandiswa kwekushisa kwekushanda, kuzvipisa kwekuita (kuparara nguva dzose), kukurumidza kupindura (nguva nguva dzose), mutsara (kana kuti muripo wemutsara unodiwa), uye rudzi rwepakiti (probe, SMD, girazi-yakavharwa).
• Tembiricha Muripo: NTCinowanzoshandiswa (kubhadharira kudonha mu transistors, makristasi, nezvimwewo). Ita shuwa kuti tembiricha yeNTC inoenderana nehunhu hwekukukurwa hwechikamu chakabhadharwa, uye kukoshesa kugadzikana nekurongeka.
• Inrush Current Limiting: NTCinosarudzwa. Key parameters ndiwoNominal Resistance Value (inosarudza yekutanga kumisa maitiro), Maximum Steady-State Yazvino/Simba(inosarudza simba rekubata panguva yekushanda kwakajairika),Maximum Surge Current Withstand(I²t kukosha kana peak ikozvino kune chaiyo waveforms), uyeNguva Yekudzorera(nguva yekutonhodza kusvika kune yakaderera-resistance state mushure mekudzima-kudzima, zvichikanganisa kazhinji kuchinja maapplication).
• Overtemperature / Overcurrent Dziviriro: PTC(resettable fuse) inowanzoshandiswa.
  • Overtemperature Protection:Sarudza PTC ine Curie poindi zvishoma pamusoro pemuganho wepamusoro weyakajairika tembiricha yekushandisa. Tarisa pane tembiricha yerwendo, nguva yerwendo, kudzoreredza tembiricha, yakayerwa voltage / ikozvino.
  • Overcurrent Protection:Sarudza PTC ine chibatiso chiri pamusoro zvishoma pamusoro pesekete yakajairika inoshanda ikozvino uye rwendo rwazvino pazasi penhanho inogona kukuvadza. Zvikamu zvakakosha zvinosanganisira kubata ikozvino, rwendo ikozvino, max voltage, max ikozvino, nguva yerwendo, kuramba.
  • Liquid Level/Flow Detection: NTCinowanzoshandiswa, ichishandisa kuzvipisa kwayo. Makiyi ma paramita anogara ari dissipation, yekupisa nguva inogara (yekupindura kumhanya), simba rekubata simba, uye package (inofanira kuramba midhiya corrosion).

2. Sarudza Key Parameter Zvinodiwa:Kuverengera zvinodiwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushandisa.

• Measurement Range:Minimum uye yakanyanya tembiricha kuyerwa.
• Chiyero Chakarurama Chinodiwa:Ndeipi tembiricha yezvikanganiso inogamuchirwa? Izvi zvinosarudza kuramba kunodiwa uye B kukosha kwegiredhi rechokwadi.
• Mhinduro Yekumhanya Inodiwa:Kuchinja kwetembiricha kunofanira kuoneka nekukurumidza sei? Izvi zvinosarudza nguva inodiwa nguva dzose, ichikurudzira sarudzo yepakiti.
• Circuit Interface:Basa re thermistor munharaunda (voltage divider? series current limiter?). Izvi zvinotarisisa inodiwa yezita renji rekudzivirira uye dhiraivha ikozvino / voltage, inokanganisa yekuzvipisa kukanganisa kuverenga.
• Environmental Conditions:Humidity, kemikari corrosion, mechanical stress, kudiwa kwekuvharisa? Izvi zvinobata zvakananga pasuru sarudzo (semuenzaniso, epoxy, girazi, simbi isina tsvina sheath, silicone-yakavharwa, SMD).
• Power Consumption Limits:Yakawanda sei dhiraivha ikozvino inogona kupa wedunhu? Yakawanda sei yekuzvipisa tembiricha inobvumidzwa? Izvi zvinosarudza iyo inogamuchirika dissipation nguva dzose uye kutyaira ikozvino nhanho.
• Kuvimbika Zvinodiwa:Unoda kugadzikana kwepamusoro kwenguva refu? Inofanirwa kutsungirira kuchinjika kazhinji? Unoda yakakwira voltage / yazvino yekumira kugona?
• Size Constraints:PCB nzvimbo? Mounting nzvimbo?

3. Sarudza NTC kana PTC:Zvichienderana neNhanho 1 (rudzi rwekunyorera), izvi zvinowanzotemwa.

4. Sefa Yakananga Mienzaniso:

• Bvunza Manufacturer Datasheets:Iyi ndiyo nzira yakananga uye inoshanda. Vagadziri vakuru vanosanganisira Vishay, TDK (EPCOS), Murata, Semitec, Littelfuse, TR Ceramic, nezvimwe.
• Match Parameters:Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvakakosha zvakaonekwa muChikamu 2, tsvaga madheti emamodheru emusangano wemaitiro ekuramba, B kukosha, kunyatsoita giredhi, yekushanda tembiricha renji, saizi yepakeji, dhizaini yekugara, nguva isingachinji, max simba, nezvimwe.
• Package Type:
  • Surface Mount Device (SMD):Saizi diki, yakakodzera kune yakakwira-density SMT, yakaderera mutengo. Kumhanya kwepakati nepakati, kuparara kwepakati nguva dzose, kubata kwesimba kwakaderera. Saizi dzakajairika: 0201, 0402, 0603, 0805, nezvimwe.
  • Girazi-Yakavharwa:Kupindura kwakakurumidza (nguva diki nguva dzose), kugadzikana kwakanaka, kutonhora kwakanyanya. Diki asi isina kusimba. Kazhinji inoshandiswa seyo musimboti mune chaiyo tembiricha probes.
  • Epoxy-Coated:Mutengo wakaderera, kumwe kudzivirira. Avhareji yekupindura kumhanya, kugadzikana, uye tembiricha kuramba.
  • Axial/Radial Inotungamira:Zvine mwero simba rekubata, nyore kubatanidza nemaoko kana kuburikidza-gomba kukwira.
  • Metal/Plastiki Yakavharirwa Probe:Zviri nyore kukwira uye kuchengetedzwa, inopa insulation, kudzivirira mvura, corrosion resistance, mechanical protection. Kunonoka kupindura kumhanya (zvinoenderana neimba / kuzadza). Inokodzera maindasitiri, zvishandiso zvekushandisa zvinoda kukwidziridzwa kwakavimbika.
  • Surface Mount Power Type:Yakagadzirirwa yakakwirira-simba inrush kudzikamisa, yakakura saizi, yakasimba simba kubata.

5. Funga Mutengo uye Kuwanikwa:Sarudza modhi isingadhuri neinopihwa yakagadzikana uye inogamuchirwa nguva yekutungamira inoenderana nekuita zvinodiwa. High-accuracy, special package, fast-response models zvinowanzodhura.

6. Ita Test Validation kana zvichidikanwa:Zvemaapplication akakosha, kunyanya anosanganisira kurongeka, kumhanya kwekupindura, kana kuvimbika, bvunzo masampula pasi pemamiriro chaiwo ekushanda kana akateedzerwa.

Pfupiso Yematanho eKusarudza

1. Tsanangura Zvinodiwa:Kushandisa chii? Kuyera chii? Kudzivirira chii? Kuripa chii?
2. Sarudza Rudzi:NTC (Kuyera/Kutsiva/Muganho) kana PTC (Chengetedza)?
3. Quantify Parameters:Tembiricha yakasiyana? Kururama? Kupindura nekukurumidza? Simba? Saizi? Zvakatipoteredza?
4. Tarisa Datasheets:Sefa mamodheru emumiriri zvichienderana nezvido, enzanisa parameter matafura.
5. Ongorora Package:Sarudza pasuru yakakodzera zvichienderana nenzvimbo, kukwira, mhinduro.
6. Enzanisa Mutengo:Sarudza muenzaniso wehupfumi unosangana nezvinodiwa.
7. Bvisa:Edza mashandiro emuenzaniso mumamiriro chaiwo kana ekuenzanisa ekushandisa kwakakosha.

Nekunyatso ongorora ma paramita ekuita uye nekuasanganisa nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa, unogona kunyatso kutonga mhando yethermistor uye sarudza iyo inonyanya kukodzera purojekiti yako. Rangarira, hapana "yakanakisa" thermistor, chete thermistor "yakanyanya kukodzera" kune imwe application. Munguva yekusarudza maitiro, akadzama madatabase ndiyo yako yakavimbika referensi.